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 NEW TESTAMENT COMMENTARY Notes on First and Second Corinthians
The two books written to the church at Corinth by Paul the apostle of Jesus Christ constitutes some of the richest teaching on Christian living found in the New Testament. It will be my occupation in this study to make the material as easy to understand as possible. Some of the teaching within the two books is difficult but with the outline headings one may have a starting place for each subject change.
There are several areas of misunderstanding in these two books, there is some disagreement over the covering issue, some problems exist over the terms bound and depart in the 7th chapter, some serious problems exist over the instructions by Paul in 1 CORINTHIANS 12, 13, 14, in short there are a number of areas which require great diligence as we study them. It should be therefore apparent to everyone that I am Unable to address "in detail" these problem areas in an outline format such as this. I do pray you will consider the outline as you study these two important books.
EDITOR'S NOTES:
This is the 11th. Printing/updating of this material. I have made some changes each revision.
Compiled by Garreth L. Clair Origin: 1959 Revised: 2004 Revised: 2007
1959, 500 copies 1960, 500 copies 1978, 500 copies 1988, 750 copies 1990, 750 copies 1992. 375 copies 1994, 750 copies 2000, 100 copies 2001. 100 copies 2002, 200 copies 2003, 225 copies 2004, 300 copies 2007, 250 copies
NOTES ON 1 CORINTHIANS
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS --- 1:1-1:9
DIVISION OVER MEN --- 1:10-4:21
FORNICATION AND ADULTERY --- 5:1-5:13
GOING BEFORE THE CIVIL COURTS AGAINST A BROTHER --- 6:1-6:20
MIXED MARRIAGES --- 7:1-7:24 This instruction to the Corinthian Christians must be considered from their situation at the time. The Corinthians were under persecution and were experiencing all the hardships which went along with such a situation. Against this sort of day to day existence Paul gives advice peculiar to this situation.
CONCERNING VIRGINS --- 7:25-7:35 Under their peculiar circumstance.
A FATHER'S DECISION, WHETHER TO ALLOW HIS VIRGIN DAUGHTER TO MARRY OR TO REMAIN SINGLE --- 7:36-7:38 Under their peculiar circumstance.
REMARRIAGE OF ONE WHO HAS LOST THEIR MATE TO DEATH --- 7:39-7:40
FOOD OFFERED TO IDOLS AND THE WEAK CONSCIENCE OF SOME BRETHREN --- 8:1-8:13 See also 10:14-33 and ROMANS 14:1-15:3 which gives more light on this matter.
THE RIGHT OF PAUL AND BARNABAS TO FINANCIAL SUPPORT JUST LIKE OTHER DISCIPLES --- 9:1-9:18
PAUL DISREGARDS CUSTOMS IN ORDER TO REACH THE LOST --- 9:19-9:23
A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CHRISTIAN LIFE AND A RACE/BOXING MATCH --- 9:24-9:26
KEEPING THE BODY UNDER SUBJECTION --- 9:27
OLD TESTAMENT EXAMPLES FOR WARNINGS AND ADMONITIONS --- 10:1-10:11
TEMPTATIONS COMMON TO EVERYONE --- 10:12-10:13
MORE DISCUSSION ABOUT MEATS OFFERED TO IDOLS --- 10:14-10:33 See also 8:1-9:18 and ROMANS 14:1-15:3.
PAUL'S ENCOURAGEMENT TO FOLLOW HIS EXAMPLE/PRAISE OF THEM --- 11:1-11:2
GOD'S ORDER OF HEADSHIP --- 11:3 GOD CHRIST MAN WOMAN
THE CUSTOMARY MANNER OF SHOWING HEADSHIP IN THE CORINTHIAN CHURCH --- 11:4-11:15
THEIR CUSTOM, WEARING AN ARTIFICIAL COVERING WAS THEIR OWN, IT WAS NOT BINDING ON OTHERS --- 11:16 {SEE the editor's study on; "Is Unity Possible"
DIVISION OVER THE LORD'S SUPPER --- 11:17 11:34
INTRODUCTION TO DISCUSSION OF MIRACULOUS SPIRITUAL GIFTS IN THE CHURCH AT CORINTH --- 12:1-12:11
THE MIRACULOUS GIFTS DISCUSSED IN THIS SECTION --- 12:4-12:11
1. The word of wisdom 2. The word of knowledge 3. Faith 4. Healing 5. Miracles 6. Prophecy 7. Discerning of spirits 8. Tongues 9. Interpretation of tongues
THE VALUE OF THE GIFTS AND BENEFITS TO THE WHOLE CONGREGATION --- 12:12-12:31
THE MOST EXCELLENT GIFT --- 13:1-13:3
THE FRUIT OF LOVE/CHARITY --- 13:4-13:7
THE DURATION OF THESE GIFTS --- 13:8-13:12 According to JUDE 3 the Revelation/all Truth has been once for all time delivered, the Scriptures have been completed.
AFTER THE MIRACULOUS GIFTS CEASE, FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY IS TO CONTINUE --- 13:13
DISTINCTION BETWEEN PROPHECY AND TONGUES, ADMONITIONS REGARDING THEIR ORDERLY USE --- 14:1-14:25
INSTRUCTIONS THAT MIRACULOUS GIFTS ARE TO BE UTILIZED FOR THE EDIFICATION OF THE WHOLE CHURCH --- 14:26
THE LAW GOVERNING TONGUES AND PROPHETS --- 14:27-14:33
ADMONITION TO THE WIVES OF THE MIRACULOUS GIFTED PROPHETS TO KEEP QUIET IN THE ASSEMBLY --- 14:34-14:35 See also 14:27-33 in this connection.
INSTRUCTION TO THE SKEPTICS TO ACKNOWLEDGE HIS LETTERS AS SPIRITUAL --- 14:36-14:39
INSTRUCTIONS TO KEEP THE WORSHIP SPIRITUAL, ORDERLY, AND DECENT --- 14:40
THE MESSAGE/GOSPEL PREACHED BY PAU --- 15:1-15:11
PAUL'S GOSPEL - Death - Burial - Resurrection of Jesus Christ.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF AND THE IMPORTANCE OF CHRIST'S RESURRECTION TO THE CHRISTIAN --- 15:12-15:26 See also 15:29-15:32 Paul argues that since Christ did arise from the dead that act guarantees the resurrection of everyone.
CHRIST HAS ALL AUTHORITY, ONLY THE FATHER IS EXCLUDED --- 15:27-15:28 See MATTHEW 28:18 in this connection.
THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST VALIDATES THE CHRISTIAN'S HOPE AND THE ULTIMATE TRIUMPH AND RESURRECTION OF EVERYONE BOTH GOOD AND EVIL --- 15:29-15:32
INSTRUCTION TO AVOID BAD COMPANIONS --- 15:33-15:34
A FOOLISH QUESTION --- 15:35-15:36
ANSWERING THE FOOLISH QUESTION --- 15:36B-15:50
EVERYONE WILL NOT PHYSICALLY DIE BUT EVERYONE WILL BE CHANGED --- 15:51-15:54
DEATH WILL NO LONGER HAVE DOMINION, THE STING OF DEATH WILL NO LONGER EXIST --- 15:54-15:56
HOW VICTORY OVER PHYSICAL DEATH AND THE STING OF DEATH IS ACCOMPLISHED --- 15:57-15:58
CONCERNING THE COLLECTION FOR THE NEEDY SAINTS IN JUDEA (cf. ACTS 11:27-30) --- 16:1-16:5 See also 2 CORINTHIANS 8, 9 - They did as the apostle instructed them in this first letter.
PAUL'S IMMEDIATE WORK PLANS --- 16:6-16:9
PAUL RECOMMENDS TIMOTHY --- 16:10-16:11
CONCERNING APOLLOS --- 16:12
ENCOURAGEMENT TO BE STRONG IN THE FAITH --- 16:13-16:14
PERSONS MENTIONED AS HIS HELPERS --- 16:15-16:18
A LIST OF THOSE WHO SEND GREETINGS TO CORINTH --- 16:19-16:20
CONCLUDING STATEMENT --- 16:21-16:24
The book to Corinth was written by Paul who had established the church during his 2nd missionary journey about AD. 52-53
This letter was penned in the Spring of AD. 57. See "HALLEY'S BIBLE HANDBOOK" for more detail on historical questions, page 593. James Burton Coffman has a good commentary on the book for general study. Mike Willis also has a good commentary on the Books
NOTES ON 2 CORINTHIANS
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS --- 1:1-1:7
THE PERSECUTION IN ASIA, PAUL'S MIRACULOUS RESCUE --- 1:8-1:14
HIS REASONS FOR COMING TO THEM --- 1:15-1:24
CONCERNING THEIR SORROW OVER THE ADULTERER WHO WAS DISCIPLINED See also his instructions in the first letter 5:1-5:13 --- 2:1-2:11
PAUL'S SORROW OVER TITUS --- 2:12-2:13 He did come eventually, cf. 7:6-13.
PAUL DEFENDS HIMSELF AND HIS MINISTRY: 1. The triumph in Christ --- 2:14-2:17
2. His ministry vindicated by their conversion --- 3:1-3:5
3. Answering the Jews, The Law of Moses Vs the law of Christ. Comparing the legal to the spiritual --- 3:6-3:18
4. Paul points to the honesty of his ministry --- 4:1-4:7
NOTE ON 4:1-4:7
A. The truth taught is commended by the life lived --- 4:2
B. Not self (i.e. Paul) but Christ is preached --- 4:3-6
C. The power of his preaching resides in God alone --- 4:7
5. His suffering in the ministry --- 4:8-5:13
A. Why death has no terror for the saved --- 5:1-13
6. Paul's motives/objectives in the ministry --- 5:14-5:21
7. A summary of 2:14 to 5:21 --- 6:1-6:10
PAUL PLEADS FOR THE CORINTHIANS TO SEPARATE THEMSELVES FROM THE WICKED AND REMAIN CLEAN --- 6:11-7:1
PAUL APPEALS TO THEM TO RECEIVE THE DOCTRINE FROM HIM AND TO WALK IN IT --- 7:2-7:16
CONCERNING THE COLLECTION FOR THE POOR SAINTS IN JUDEA: 1. The example of the Macedonians --- 8:1-7
2. Paul encourages them to fulfill their duty in this matter --- 8:7-8:15
3. The messengers/carriers of their collection --- 8:16-9:5
4. Further encouragement --- 9:5-9:16 See ACTS 11:27-30 and 1 CORINTHIANS 16:1-5 regarding the need in Judea.
PAUL'S DEFENSE OF HIS APOSTLESHIP:
1. An apostle through Divine authority --- 10:1-10:17
2. His jealousy over them --- 11:1-11:2
3. Warning to beware of false apostles --- 11:3-11:15
4. His boasting (His apostleship equal to or greater than others in suffering, Knowledge, labor, etc.) --- 11:15-12:18
5. His reason for the letter and the tone of his rebuke to them --- 12:19-13:10
CONCLUDING REMARKS --- 13:11-13:14
NOTES This letter was written in the fall or Winter AD. 57 and delivered to Corinth by Titus. See "HALLEY'S BIBLE HANDBOOK", pp. 601. The Gospel Advocate commentary on 2 Corinthian is helpful in the study of this book.
Compiled by Garreth L. Clair glclair@aol.com considermagazine.com
Consider Magazine is an independent work by Garreth L. Clair Garreth has over 50 years experience as a preacher, and is currently the preacher for the church that meets at 4840 Cemetery Road, in Hilliard OH. http://www.cemeteryroadchurchofchrist.org/ Copyright 2005, All Rights Reserved. (Please contact us for permission to reprint.) Please help us show up on search engines, by putting a link to http://www.considermagazine.com on your website!
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